DHA is an omega-3 fatty acid, chemically it is a carboxylic acid with a 22-carbon chain and six cis double bonds. Its chemical formula is C22H32O2 and Mol. Mass is 328.488 g/mol. Fish oils are the primary source of DHA. Research is being done on its application in treatment of Alzheimer's disease. It is also used as a supplement by pregnant women because studies indicate that low levels of erythrocyte DHA are associated with poor retinal development, low visual acuity, and poor cognitive development. DHA is becoming popular as a supplement for infants because it promotes healthy brain development and makes infants gain weight faster.

Lycopene is a bright red pigment found in tomatoes and other fruits and vegetables such as carrots, watermelon, guava, and papaya. It is a phytochemical that belongs to a family of carotenoid. It is an effective antioxidant that fights free radicals that may lead to cardiovascular diseases, cataracts, premature aging and even cancer. Its structure is similar to beta-carotene that makes it a potent antioxidant. It works by protecting the cells from the oxidative damages caused by free radicals. It also has antibacterial property that reduces inflammation. It also has antifungal properties that fight infections caused by Candida albicans. It helps control blood sugar and blood cholesterol level. It also helps prevent arteriosclerosis.