Bilberry Extract is a common herbal supplement that is used to help support vascular and visual functions. It is known to help strengthen the capillaries in the eyes, help with the formation and maintenance of connective eye tissue, and to help reduce eyestrain. Hundreds of years ago it was mainly used to relieve diarrhea. Bilberry is small shrub which is related to the cranberry, blueberry, and huckleberry. It contains high amounts of tannins, which act as an astringent and an anti-inflammatory. It also possesses flavonoid compounds called anthocyanidins. These have exceptional antioxidant properties. Bilberry extract is also known to help prevent heart disease, blood clots, cancer, diabetes, and macular degeneration.

Bioflavonoids once known as vitamin P is referred to as nature’s biological response modifier. They modify the body’s response to allergens, viruses, and carcinogens. They are a more powerful antioxidant then vitamin c, vitamin e, selenium and zinc against free radical and oxidative damages. They are used to prevent inflammation, and the microbes in infections. Bioflavonoid helps in the prevention of diabetic cataracts inhibits the manufacture of histamine and it enhances insulin secretion. It is used to lower blood cholesterol levels, prevent heart disease, stroke, asthma, hay fever, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus. It also improves micro vascular blood flow.

Biotin, also called Vitamin H or Vitamin B7. Biotin is a water-soluble B-Complex Vitamin that is needed for the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and proteins.

Bitter Melon Extract is found in the tropical countries like Asia, South America and Africa. This plant has been in use for decades for its medicinal and nutritional value. Bitter Melon Extract is the bitter melon fruit’s concentrated form. It can regulate sugar in the human body by suppression of neural response to the stimuli of sweet taste. The extract is very beneficial for people who suffer from diabetes mellitus, piles and jaundice. You can consume Bitter Melon Extract in different ways. It can either be taken as food or as a decoction of 3 1/3 ounces and 2 ounces as juice. Tincture of bitter melon approximately 5 ml per day can be beneficial for treating indigestion and diabetes. The extract of this fruit has been serving culinary as well as medicinal purposes from a long time.

Chromium is an essential mineral that plays an important role with how the body uses glucose. Chromium may be found in brewer’s yeast, grains, cereal and in some beers. It aids in maintaining the ideal blood sugar level which helps diabetic patients. It also helps in the metabolism and storage of fats, proteins and carbohydrates in the body that may help reduce fats. It helps improve muscle tone by burning the fats. It reduces hunger pangs, suppress cravings and appetite. It is help control the blood cholesterol level. It lowers the risks of cardiovascular problems. It also alleviates depression by stimulating the fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis that is important for brain function.

Copper is a naturally occurring mineral in foods like shell fish, vegetables, avocado fruits, legumes, grains, nuts, and beef. As copper originates from the earth's crust, the surface water and ground water contains small traces of copper. Copper is implicated in many biochemical reactions within the human cells.

Fenugreek is used both as a herb (the leaves) and as a spice (seeds). Cultivated world-wide, fenugreek forms an essential part of the cooking in several African, Asian and Middle Eastern countries. Fenugreek seeds are used in a variety of ways from cooking to managing diabetes. In India fenugreek seeds are used regularly in cooking curries and breads just as in Ethiopian and Eritrean cuisine. In Egypt, the seeds are used as a very popular tea drink, by being boiled in water and then sweetened. Apart from being used as a spice, fenugreek seeds have other uses as well. In Ethiopia and India, fenugreek seeds are used as a natural remedy for diabetes and are part of traditional Chinese medicine. In the US, where maple syrup is a much loved by expensive product, fenugreek seeds are used to produce maple syrup favouring. Fenugreek seeds are also used by lactating women to increase milk supply since they are galactagogue.

Folic Acid or Vitamin B9 is essential as it assists the formation of red blood cells in the body and genetic material within every cell. It helps in metabolism of proteins and prevention of anemia and is vital for cell growth and division. Folic acid is an important nutrient for pregnant women to prevent congenital malformation in the fetus. It reduces the risk of brain and spinal cord defects, heart defects, limb defects, urinary tract abnormalities and cleft palate in the fetus. It is highly beneficial if taken prior to and during the first month after conception. In men, folic acid reduces chromosomal defects in the sperm. Spinach, lettuce, peas, beans, sunflower seeds, asparagus, baker’s yeast, fortified cereal products and liver are rich in folic acid.

Gymnema Sylvestre is an herb that has shown to reduce blood sugar and is used by some to reduce sugar cravings as it seemingly reduces the sugar taste when placed in the mouth.

Magnesium is a mineral that may be found inside most of the cells in the body tissues and organs. It is important in the absorption of calcium and aids in the formation and development of bones and teeth. Magnesium deficient individuals have an increased risk of acquiring osteoporosis; they also have problematic menstrual cycle such as premenstrual syndrome, irregular cycle and dysmenorrhoea. Magnesium helps in maintaining the cardiovascular health and decreases the risk of heart problems. It also prevents gallstones from forming. Magnesium is useful in the treatment of high blood pressure. It is also helpful in treating erectile dysfunction and prostate problems.

Manganese is a trace mineral that has long been associated with musculoskeletal health. It activates enzymes in the body that is necessary for the production of collagen and proteoglycan, components of connective tissue. It also aids in the absorption of calcium in the body. It helps prevent the development of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Manganese helps in the digestion and utilization of vitamin E in the body that makes it a potent antioxidant. It fights free radicals from damaging the cells that may lead to premature aging, heart problems and cancer. It alleviates premenstrual syndrome (PMS) such as mood swings and nausea.

Selenium is considered good for health if taken in small amounts. It is a trace mineral which when incorporated into protein, makes selenoproteins that helps stop cellular damage due to free radicals. The major source of selenium is plant foods and its content in the food depends on the selenium content in the soil where it was grown. Also known as selenium acid, selenium sulfide and selenium yeast, this mineral is available in seafood and meat products. The main function of selenium is to work with vitamin E in order to maintain the elasticity and preservation of tissues. It not only helps in improving the supply of oxygen and blood to the muscles in the heart but also slows down the aging process by enhancing endurance.

Sodium is part of the extracellular fluid of many multicellular creatures, not least mankind. It is needed for instance in nerve conduction and to balance the acid levels in the body. It is necessary for the functioning of organs such as the liver, intestine and kidneys in their work of ridding the body of toxins However there is an optimum intake. Above this there are problems such as a rise in the blood pressure. Also an excess of salt in the diet will draw fluid out of the cells by the process of osmosis. On the other hand a lack of sodium will lead to too much water in the body the brains cells will actually be flooded.

Vanadium is a chemical element, which is listed in the list of elements as number 23, defining its atomic number. It is a metal and does not have a prominent role in human biology. It has shown in rats and chickens that a vanadium deficiency may result in reduced growth and reproduction deficiencies. Vanadium sulfate is deemed a very popular dietary supplement for the interaction with blood insulin. While providing some glucose control in people suffering from type 2 diabetes, proof for the claimed effect with body building athletes has not yet been scientifically established. In athletes with high levels of energy requirements a stabilized blood sugar may result in prolonged endurance, furthermore, vanadyl sulfate has gained popularity because of the apparent muscle recovery effect.

Vitamin B12 is one of the eight B vitamins and is a water soluble vitamin. It is also called cobalamin. It has a very complex chemical structure which is evident from its molecular formula C63H88CoN14O14P. The word vitamin is from the Greek word vitae which mean life. This is indicative of the importance of these chemicals for the body. In fact, this vitamin serves many functions which are vital to life. These include production of blood, normal functioning of the brain and the nervous system, DNA and fatty acid synthesis and regulation and the metabolism of all cells in general. This vitamin can only be synthesized by bacteria.

Vitamin B6- There are three traditionally considered forms of vitamin B6: pyridoxal (PL), pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxamine (PM). The phosphate ester (PLP) has a leading role in metabolism of human body. It is obtained from the diet since humans cannot manufacture it. PLP is crucial in over 100 enzymes that enable important chemical reactions in the human body. In the brain, the manufacture of neurotransmitters like serotonin from tryptophan is made possible by PLP. PLP is also a coenzyme in the production of the iron coating component of hemoglobin called heme. Signs of vitamin B6 deficiency include irritability, depression and confusion, inflammation of the tongue, sores or ulcers of the mouth and the skin at the corner of the mouth.

Vitamin C is an obvious essential nutrient and a deficiency of this will cause scurvy. It is also an antioxidant and acts as an electron donor for eight different enzymes.

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin and is an antioxidant. Vitamin E helps to gradually break down blood clots in the circulatory system and helps prevent more from forming. Involved in red blood cell formation.

Zinc is a mineral found in most cells in the human body. It plays an important role in stimulating enzyme functions. It improves the immune system that protects against bacterial and viral infections. It also promotes healing of wound. Zinc helps in maintaining a normal growth and development during pregnancy, childhood and adolescence. It also has antioxidant properties that prevent cell damage caused by free radicals that may lead to premature aging, heart problems and even cancer. It aids in cell growth, renewal, and repair. Zinc increases muscle growth and improves endurance. It also helps cleanse and get rid of toxins that accumulated in the body.